Ray Peat

Ray Peat on Orange Juice and Fruit

By OxidativeState · · 33 articles · 33 studies

Short answer: Orange juice is the fruit Ray Peat mentions most. He wrote that a quart of it a day, with milk, covers the sugar needed for general resistance to stress, and he valued fruit because its sugar arrives together with potassium, magnesium and calcium.

What Ray Peat wrote about orange juice and fruit

His best known line on quantity is that a daily diet with two quarts of milk and a quart of orange juice provides enough fructose and other sugars for general resistance to stress. Source: Sugar issues

He cites an experiment in which people drank 300 calories of glucose, fructose or orange juice. Glucose caused a large rise in oxidative and inflammatory stress. That rise was absent with fructose and with orange juice. Source: Sugar issues

He pointed out that orange juice and sucrose have a lower glycemic index than white or whole wheat bread, and mocked dietitians who warn against orange juice because its index matches Coca-Cola's. Source: Glycemia, starch, and sugar in context

Sugar works best with minerals. He wrote that sugars are much more likely to be healthful in the long run when they come with potassium, calcium and other protective nutrients, as in milk and fruit. Source: Glucose and sucrose for diabetes

Fruits have a safe calcium to phosphate ratio and are rich in magnesium. He mentions that eating fruit may protect against prostate cancer by lowering phosphate in the blood. Source: Phosphate, activation, and aging, Bone Density: First Do No Harm, Sugar issues

In menopausal women, fruit and vegetable intake protects against bone loss, while unsaturated fats are associated with it. Source: Osteoporosis, aging, tissue renewal, and product science

Using fruit as a major part of the diet, in place of cereals and beans, helps to minimize the effects of polyunsaturated fats. Source: Glucose and sucrose for diabetes

What he suggested in practice

  • A quart of orange juice a day, with milk, is the amount he mentions.
  • Orange juice at bedtime and before getting out of bed, because the blood thickens and clots more easily during the night.
  • Orange juice, Coca-Cola or ice cream for quick relief of low blood sugar.
  • Refined sugar only as a stand-in when good fruit is not available.

Where he wrote about it

This topic comes up in 33 of the articles on his site. These are the most relevant ones:

My take

Juice is one of my main carb sources, next to honey, fruit and Coke. Simple sugars are absorbed in the small intestine, so they leave nothing for the bacteria in the colon to ferment.

Quick answers

How much orange juice did Ray Peat recommend?

He mentions a quart of orange juice a day together with two quarts of milk as enough sugar for general resistance to stress.

Why did Ray Peat recommend orange juice?

Because it supplies sugar together with potassium and other minerals, has a lower glycemic index than bread, and in one study did not cause the inflammatory stress that pure glucose did.

What fruits did Ray Peat recommend?

His website articles name orange juice and speak of fruit in general. They do not rank individual fruits.

33 studies Ray Peat cited on orange juice and fruit

  1. Orange juice or fructose intake does not induce oxidative and inflammatory responseDiabetes Care · 2007 · PMID 17384340 · cited in Sugar issues
  2. Potassium nuclear magnetic resonance relaxations in muscle and brain, and in normal E. coli and a potassium transport mutantPhysiol Chem Phys · 1973 · PMID 4594813 · cited in Membranes, plasma membranes, and surfaces
  3. Increasing DHA and EPA concentrations prolong action potential durations and reduce transient outward potassium currents in rat ventricular myocytesLipids · 2011 · PMID 21140236 · cited in Heart and hormones
  4. Protective role of fructose in the metabolism of astroglial C6 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxideCarbohydr Res · 2009 · PMID 19591975 · cited in Sugar issues
  5. Luminal fructose inhibits rat intestinal sodium-phosphate cotransporter gene expression and phosphate uptakeAm J Clin Nutr · 2008 · PMID 18400728 · cited in Phosphate, activation, and aging
  6. Hepatic effects of a fructose diet in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive ratAm J Hypertens · 2008 · PMID 18437120 · cited in Sugar issues
  7. High rates of exogenous carbohydrate oxidation from a mixture of glucose and fructose ingested during prolonged cycling exerciseBr J Nutr · 2005 · PMID 15946410 · cited in Sugar issues
  8. Changes in lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense status in spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar rats fed a diet enriched with fructose and saturated fatty acidsNutrition · 2005 · PMID 15723754 · cited in Sugar issues
  9. Inclusion of low amounts of fructose with an intraportal glucose load increases net hepatic glucose uptake in the presence of relative insulin deficiency in dogAm J Physiol Endocrinol Metab · 2005 · PMID 15671083 · cited in Sugar issues
  10. Nutritional associations with bone loss during the menopausal transition: evidence of a beneficial effect of calcium, alcohol, and fruit and vegetable nutrients and of a detrimental effect of fatty acidsAm J Clin Nutr · 2004 · PMID 14684412 · cited in Osteoporosis, aging, tissue renewal, and product science
  11. Reduction of endothelial NOS and bradykinin-induced extravasation of macromolecules in skeletal muscle of the fructose-fed rat modelCardiovasc Res · 2003 · PMID 14553836 · cited in Sugar issues, Glucose and sucrose for diabetes
  12. Potassium citrate prevents increased urine calcium excretion and bone resorption induced by a high sodium chloride dietJ Clin Endocrinol Metab · 2002 · PMID 11994333 · cited in Calcium and Disease: Hypertension, organ calcification, & shock, vs. respiratory energy
  13. Increased CO(2) stimulates K/Rb reabsorption mediated by H-K-ATPase in CCD of potassium-restricted rabbitAm J Physiol Renal Physiol · 2001 · PMID 11457729 · cited in Calcium and Disease: Hypertension, organ calcification, & shock, vs. respiratory energy
  14. Acute fructose administration decreases the glycemic response to an oral glucose tolerance test in normal adultsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab · 2000 · PMID 11134101 · cited in Sugar issues, Glycemia, starch, and sugar in context
  15. The interaction between dietary fructose and magnesium adversely affects macromineral homeostasis in menJ Am Coll Nutr · 2000 · PMID 10682873 · cited in Sugar issues
  16. Comparison of the effects of sucrose and fructose on insulin action and glucose toleranceAm J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol · 2000 · PMID 11004002 · cited in Sugar issues
  17. Reduction of capillary permeability in the fructose-induced hypertensive ratAm J Hypertens · 1998 · PMID 9633792 · cited in Sugar issues
  18. Endothelial ATP-sensitive potassium channels mediate coronary microvascular dilation to hyperosmolarityAm J Physiol · 1997 · PMID 9249480 · cited in Water: swelling, tension, pain, fatigue, aging
  19. Effects of estrogen on potassium-stimulated acetylcholine release in the hippocampus and overlying cortex of adult ratsBrain Res · 1997 · PMID 9070640 · cited in Epilepsy and Progesterone
  20. [Fructose vs. glucose in total parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients]Anaesthesist · 1995 · PMID 8678268 · cited in Sugar issues
  21. In vivo and in vitro 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies of the hepatic response of healthy rats and rats with acute hepatic damage to fructose loadingMagn Reson Med · 1994 · PMID 8015399 · cited in Phosphate, activation, and aging
  22. Effects of hydrogen peroxide oxidation and calcium channel blockers on the equatorial potassium current of the frog lensExp Eye Res · 1994 · PMID 8174648 · cited in The transparency of life: Cataracts as a model of age-related disease
  23. Whole body and splanchnic oxygen consumption and blood flow after oral ingestion of fructose or glucoseAm J Physiol · 1993 · PMID 8476028 · cited in Sugar issues
  24. D600 increases the resistance associated with the equatorial potassium current of the lensExp Eye Res · 1992 · PMID 1327858 · cited in The transparency of life: Cataracts as a model of age-related disease
  25. Dietary fructose or starch: effects on copper, zinc, iron, manganese, calcium, and magnesium balances in humansAm J Clin Nutr · 1989 · PMID 2729168 · cited in Sugar issues
  26. Muscle cell potassium, RNA and hydration in pregnancy and pre-eclampsiaEarly Hum Dev · 1989 · PMID 2476291 · cited in Water: swelling, tension, pain, fatigue, aging
  27. Role of extracellular space in hyperosmotic suppression of potassium-induced electrographic seizuresJ Neurophysiol · 1989 · PMID 2723735 · cited in Water: swelling, tension, pain, fatigue, aging
  28. Ouabain (or salt solution lacking potassium) mimics the effects of dark pulses on the circadian pacemaker in cultured chick pineal cellsBrain Res · 1989 · PMID 2553214 · cited in Water: swelling, tension, pain, fatigue, aging
  29. Fructose prevents hypoxic cell death in liverAm J Physiol · 1987 · PMID 3631273 · cited in Sugar issues
  30. The effect of X-irradiation on the sodium-potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na-K-ATPase) activity in the epithelium of the rat lens. A histochemical and biochemical studyActa Ophthalmol (Copenh) · 1978 · PMID 150777 · cited in The transparency of life: Cataracts as a model of age-related disease
  31. [Comparative study of the effect of free and combined glucose and fructose on the absorption and retention of calcium]Ann Nutr Aliment · 1975 · PMID 1221904 · cited in Osteoporosis, aging, tissue renewal, and product science
  32. Biological ion exchanger resins. IV. Evidence for potassium association with fixed charges in muscle and brain by pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance of 39KPhysiol Chem Phys · 1974 · PMID 4836049 · cited in Membranes, plasma membranes, and surfaces
  33. The influence of fructose and its metabolites on ethanol metabolism in vitroBiochem J · 1967 · PMID 4291557 · cited in Sugar issues

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Not affiliated with raypeat.com. This page describes Ray Peat's published articles in our own words and links to the originals. Educational content, not medical advice.

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