B2 reverts cognitive decline and neuroinflammation caused by endotoxin(LPS).

B2 reverts cognitive decline and neuroinflammation caused by endotoxin(LPS).
FAD (Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide) and FMN (Flavin Mononucleotide) are specialized electron carriers known as flavoproteins, both are produced from B2.

1/6 🧵

Endotoxin is a main driver of inflammation, not only in the gut but also in the brain and testicles.
B2 is effective in lowering those effects.

Here we see that both FAD and FMN, lower TNF-a, IL-6
a pro-inflammatory cytokines that drive Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Dysfunction.

"Figure 8. MNPs@FMN ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in the LPS-induced mouse model. A) Experimental design for MNPs@FMN administration in the LPS-induced mouse model. B) Travel tracings of mice in the open field. C-F) Total distance traveled, movement speed, time spent in the center, and number of entries to the center zone in the open field of LPS mice treated with NPs@FMN, MNPs, or MNPs@FMN. G) Travel path tracings of mice in the Y-maze test. H) Spontaneous alterations of LPS mice treated with NPs@FMN, MNPs, or MNPs@FMN in the Y maze. I) Representative path tracings in each quadrant during the probe trial. J–M) The escape latency over a five-day training course (panel J), latency in the probe test (panel K), time spent in the target zone (panel L), and number of target crossings (panel M) in the Morris water maze n = 8 per group. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05 versus WT-PBS; ##p < 0.01 versus LPS-MNPs@FMN. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVAand Tukey’s tests for post hoc comparisons."