Ray Peat

Ray Peat on Weight Loss

By OxidativeState · · 73 articles · 65 studies

Short answer: Ray Peat saw obesity as an energy deficiency, not an energy surplus. He wrote that cells that cannot burn sugar store fat, and that the answer is a higher metabolic rate through thyroid function, sugar instead of starch, and saturated instead of unsaturated fat.

What Ray Peat wrote about weight loss

He wrote that obesity, like diabetes, seems to involve a cellular energy deficiency: an inability to metabolize sugar. Source: Sugar issues

He blamed the rise in obesity on more fat and starch in the national diet, not more sugar, and found that consistent with the known effects of starch and polyunsaturated fat. Source: Sugar issues

Starch raises insulin and appetite. Sugar in place of starch reduces the tendency to store fat. Source: Glycemia, starch, and sugar in context

He cites the animal study in which Coca-Cola or sucrose allowed 50% more calories with no extra weight gain. Source: Glucose and sucrose for diabetes

Polyunsaturated fats suppress metabolism and promote obesity. Coconut oil does the reverse by supporting the thyroid. Source: Membranes, plasma membranes, and surfaces, Unsaturated Vegetable Oils: Toxic, Diabetes, scleroderma, oils and hormones

Estrogen is formed in fat cells under the influence of cortisol, so stress and body fat feed each other. Thyroid and progesterone suppress that. Source: Breast Cancer

At high altitude, he notes, people tend to eat more and stay leaner. Source: Fatigue, aging, and recuperation

Weight is not all fat. Fatigue, stress and estrogen make tissues swell with water. Source: Meat physiology, stress, and degenerative physiology

What he suggested in practice

  • Raise the metabolic rate first: thyroid function, enough sugar, enough protein.
  • Sugar and fruit in place of starch.
  • Coconut oil and butter in place of seed oils.
  • Milk and cheese for calcium.

Where he wrote about it

This topic comes up in 73 of the articles on his site. These are the most relevant ones:

My take

You do not lose fat by starving your metabolism. Keep fat intake moderate, walk, get sun on your belly, keep estrogen low and fix your gut, because an inflamed gut is a bloated gut. The full approach is in How to lose fat and not muscle.

Quick answers

What did Ray Peat say about weight loss?

That obesity reflects a low metabolic rate and an inability to burn sugar, and that restoring thyroid function and replacing starch and unsaturated fat with sugar, fruit and saturated fat addresses the cause.

Did Ray Peat say sugar causes weight gain?

No. He wrote that sugar in place of starch reduces fat storage and cites an animal study in which sucrose allowed more calories without more weight gain.

65 studies Ray Peat cited on weight loss

  1. Dairy calcium supplementation in overweight or obese persons: its effect on markers of fat metabolismAm J Clin Nutr · 2008 · PMID 18842771 · cited in Milk in context: allergies, ecology, and some myths
  2. Activation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis increases slow wave sleep in ratNeurosci Lett · 2003 · PMID 12633889 · cited in Salt, energy, metabolic rate, and longevity
  3. Energy expenditure and diet-induced thermogenesis in presence and absence of hyperphagia induced by insulinAm J Physiol · 1989 · PMID 2679150 · cited in Sugar issues
  4. Energy balance and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis during pregnancy in Syrian hamstersAm J Physiol · 1986 · PMID 3706570 · cited in Osteoporosis, aging, tissue renewal, and product science
  5. Influence of sodium intake on thermogenesis and brown adipose tissue in the ratInt J Obes · 1984 · PMID 6086543 · cited in Salt, energy, metabolic rate, and longevity
  6. Effects of sucrose, caffeine, and cola beverages on obesity, cold resistance, and adipose tissue cellularityAm J Physiol · 1983 · PMID 6837766 · cited in Sugar issues, Glucose and sucrose for diabetes
  7. Obesity reduces bone density associated with activation of PPARγ and suppression of Wnt/β-catenin in rapidly growing male ratsPLoS One · 2010 · PMID 21060836 · cited in Osteoporosis, aging, tissue renewal, and product science
  8. Hypothalamic neuronal histamine signaling in the estrogen deficiency-induced obesityJ Neurochem · 2009 · PMID 19619143 · cited in Hot flashes, energy, and aging
  9. Parathyroid hormone, but not vitamin D, is associated with the metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese women and men: a cross-sectional studyCardiovasc Diabetol · 2009 · PMID 19187564 · cited in Milk in context: allergies, ecology, and some myths
  10. Do mitochondrial DNA and metabolic rate complement each other in determination of the mammalian maximum longevity?Rejuvenation Res · 2008 · PMID 18442324 · cited in The Cancer Matrix
  11. High- or low-salt diet from weaning to adulthood: effect on body weight, food intake and energy balance in ratsNutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · 2006 · PMID 16487915 · cited in Salt, energy, metabolic rate, and longevity
  12. Influence of salt intake on renin-angiotensin and natriuretic peptide system genes in human adipose tissueHypertension · 2006 · PMID 17060507 · cited in Salt, energy, metabolic rate, and longevity
  13. Effects of glutamine, glucose, and oxygen concentration on the metabolism and proliferation of rabbit adipose-derived stem cellsTissue Eng · 2006 · PMID 17518688 · cited in Stem cells, cell culture, and culture: Issues in regeneration
  14. Adipose aromatase gene expression is greater in older women and is unaffected by postmenopausal estrogen therapyMenopause · 2005 · PMID 15772569 · cited in Hot flashes, energy, and aging
  15. Consumption of carbohydrate solutions enhances energy intake without increased body weight and impaired insulin action in rat skeletal musclesDiabetes Metab · 2005 · PMID 15959424 · cited in Sugar issues
  16. Relationships between serum unsaturated fatty acids and coronary risk factors: negative relations between nervonic acid and obesity-related risk factorsInt Heart J · 2005 · PMID 16394593 · cited in Suitable Fats, Unsuitable Fats: Issues in Nutrition
  17. Perinatal essential fatty acid deficiency influences body weight and bone parameters in adult male ratsBiochim Biophys Acta · 2005 · PMID 15629693 · cited in Unsaturated fatty acids: Nutritionally essential, or toxic?
  18. Cold-induced thermogenesis mediated by GABA in the preoptic area of anesthetized ratsAm J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol · 2004 · PMID 15031132 · cited in Salt, energy, metabolic rate, and longevity
  19. Dietary sodium restriction exacerbates age-related changes in rat adipose tissue and liver lipogenesisMetabolism · 2003 · PMID 12898476 · cited in Milk in context: allergies, ecology, and some myths, Salt, energy, metabolic rate, and longevity
  20. Arachidonic acid and prostacyclin signaling promote adipose tissue development: a human health concern?J Lipid Res · 2003 · PMID 12576509 · cited in Fats and degeneration
  21. Moderate sodium restriction enhances the pressor response to hyperlipidemia in obese, hypertensive patientsJ Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) · 2002 · PMID 12045366 · cited in When energy fails: Edema, heart failure, hypertension, sarcopenia, etc
  22. Obesity, endogenous hormones, and endometrial cancer risk: a synthetic reviewCancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · 2002 · PMID 12496040 · cited in Estrogen, progesterone, and cancer: Conflicts of interest in regulation and product promotion
  23. Reversal of obesity- and diet-induced insulin resistance with salicylates or targeted disruption of IkkbetaScience · 2001 · PMID 11533494 · cited in Glucose and sucrose for diabetes, Aspirin, brain and cancer
  24. Polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich diets: effect on adipose tissue metabolism in ratsBr J Nutr · 2001 · PMID 11570989 · cited in Suitable Fats, Unsuitable Fats: Issues in Nutrition
  25. Thermogenesis induced by intravenous infusion of hypertonic solutions in the ratJ Physiol · 2001 · PMID 11533148 · cited in Salt, energy, metabolic rate, and longevity
  26. Regulation of protein metabolism in middle-aged, premenopausal women: roles of adiposity and estradiolJ Clin Endocrinol Metab · 2000 · PMID 10770170 · cited in Aging, estrogen, and progesterone
  27. Secular trend of earlier onset of menarche with increasing obesity in black and white girls: the Bogalusa Heart StudyEthn Dis · 1999 · PMID 10421080 · cited in Breast Cancer
  28. Progesterone inhibits glucocorticoid-dependent aromatase induction in human adipose fibroblastsJ Endocrinol · 1998 · PMID 9846169 · cited in Cancer: Disorder and Energy
  29. Changes in cytochrome oxidase activity in brown adipose tissue during oestrous cycle in the ratEur J Endocrinol · 1998 · PMID 9820622 · cited in Calcium and Disease: Hypertension, organ calcification, & shock, vs. respiratory energy
  30. The preferential mobilisation of C20 and C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids from the adipose tissue of the chick embryo: potential implications regarding the provision of essential fatty acids for neural developmentBiochim Biophys Acta · 1997 · PMID 9150251 · cited in Fats, functions & malfunctions
  31. Cold-induced salt intake in mice and catecholamine, renin and thermogenesis mechanismsAppetite · 1996 · PMID 8800478 · cited in Salt, energy, metabolic rate, and longevity
  32. Essential fatty acid deficiency prevents autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice through a positive impact on antigen-presenting cells and Th2 lymphocytesPancreas · 1995 · PMID 7667243 · cited in Glucose and sucrose for diabetes, Diabetes, scleroderma, oils and hormones
  33. Effect of lipid oxidation on the regulation of glucose utilization in obese patientsActa Diabetol · 1995 · PMID 7612917 · cited in Glucose and sucrose for diabetes, Glycemia, starch, and sugar in context
  34. The effects of antianginal drugs on energy expenditure during exercise in normal subjectsJpn Circ J · 1995 · PMID 7602749 · cited in Diabetes, scleroderma, oils and hormones
  35. Baclofen, a gamma-aminobutyric acid-b receptor agonist, delays diabetes onset in the non-obese diabetic mouseActa Diabetol · 1995 · PMID 7612919 · cited in Diabetes, scleroderma, oils and hormones
  36. Skeletal muscle utilization of free fatty acids in women with visceral obesityJ Clin Invest · 1995 · PMID 7706491 · cited in Diabetes, scleroderma, oils and hormones
  37. Weight gain as a risk factor for clinical diabetes mellitus in womenAnn Intern Med · 1995 · PMID 7872581 · cited in Diabetes, scleroderma, oils and hormones
  38. Relation of steroid hormones to glucose tolerance and plasma insulin levels in men. Importance of visceral adipose tissueDiabetes Care · 1995 · PMID 7555470 · cited in Diabetes, scleroderma, oils and hormones
  39. Reduced testosterone and adrenal C19 steroid levels in obese menMetabolism · 1995 · PMID 7723675 · cited in Diabetes, scleroderma, oils and hormones
  40. Augmented production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in obese miceClin Immunol Immunopathol · 1995 · PMID 7882592 · cited in Diabetes, scleroderma, oils and hormones

Showing 40 of 65. Search all of them in the database →

Not affiliated with raypeat.com. This page describes Ray Peat's published articles in our own words and links to the originals. Educational content, not medical advice.

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