Ray Peat

Ray Peat on Lactic Acid

By OxidativeState · · 50 articles · 56 studies

Short answer: Ray Peat treated lactic acid as the opposite of carbon dioxide. He wrote that it appears whenever respiration fails, that it then suppresses respiration further, and that it promotes inflammation and the growth signals seen in cancer.

What Ray Peat wrote about lactic acid

Lactate is formed from glucose whenever something interferes with respiratory energy production. But lactate can itself suppress cellular respiration, so the problem feeds itself. Source: Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer

Carbon dioxide inhibits the production of lactic acid, and lactic acid lowers the concentration of carbon dioxide in several ways. Source: Altitude and Mortality

He describes the lactate paradox: people adapted to high altitude produce less lactic acid during maximal work, because they retain more carbon dioxide. Source: Altitude and Mortality, Fatigue, aging, and recuperation

Breathing too much oxygen displaces carbon dioxide and provokes a rise in lactic acid. Source: Altitude and Mortality

He wrote that lactate produces several signals that promote growth and other features of cancer, and that aspirin antagonizes them. Source: Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer

Intense exercise raises it. Within minutes exercise lowers the activity of the enzymes that burn glucose. Source: Mitochondria and mortality

He advised avoiding foods that contain lactic acid, such as yogurt and sauerkraut, because the bacterial form is more toxic than the form the body makes under stress. Source: Mitochondria and mortality

In the cell, a rise of lactate relative to carbon dioxide changes pH and electrical charge and makes the cell take up water. Source: The transparency of life: Cataracts as a model of age-related disease

What he suggested in practice

  • Vitamin B1 to increase carbon dioxide and reduce lactate.
  • Sugar and thyroid function, so that glucose is burned completely.
  • Activity below the point of breathlessness.
  • Less fermented food.

Where he wrote about it

This topic comes up in 50 of the articles on his site. These are the most relevant ones:

My take

If you come from keto, raise carbs slowly. Your cells need time to re-learn glucose oxidation, and jumping too fast builds up lactic acid, which then blocks glucose oxidation further.

Quick answers

What did Ray Peat say about lactic acid?

That it is a product and a cause of failed respiration: it suppresses mitochondria, lowers carbon dioxide, causes cells to swell and promotes inflammation and tumor growth signals.

What did Ray Peat say about yogurt and fermented foods?

He advised avoiding foods containing lactic acid, such as yogurt and sauerkraut, because bacterial lactic acid is more toxic than the kind the body produces.

56 studies Ray Peat cited on lactic acid

  1. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 activation by aerobic glycolysis implicates the Warburg effect in carcinogenesisJ Biol Chem · 2002 · PMID 11943784 · cited in Cancer: Disorder and Energy, Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  2. Lactate: a metabolic key player in cancerCancer Res · 2011 · PMID 22084445 · cited in Cancer: Disorder and Energy
  3. Lysyl oxidase-like-1 enhances lung metastasis when lactate accumulation and monocarboxylate transporter expression are involvedOncol Lett · 2011 · PMID 22866136 · cited in The Cancer Matrix
  4. Increased OXPHOS activity precedes rise in glycolytic rate in H-RasV12/E1A transformed fibroblasts that develop a Warburg phenotypeMol Cancer · 2009 · PMID 19646236 · cited in Cancer: Disorder and Energy
  5. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity controls metabolic and malignant phenotype in cancer cellsJ Biol Chem · 2008 · PMID 18541534 · cited in Cancer: Disorder and Energy, Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  6. Lactate production and neurotransmitters; evidence from microdialysis studiesPharmacol Biochem Behav · 2008 · PMID 18502489 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  7. Adaptive landscapes and emergent phenotypes: why do cancers have high glycolysis?J Bioenerg Biomembr · 2007 · PMID 17624581 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  8. Lactate treatment causes NF-kappaB activation and CD44 shedding in cultured trabecular meshwork cellsInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · 2007 · PMID 17389491 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  9. Hypoxia and lactate production in trophoblast cellsPlacenta · 2007 · PMID 17275903 · cited in Salt, energy, metabolic rate, and longevity
  10. Aspirin inhibits NF-kappaB activation in a glycolysis-depleted lung epithelial cell lineEur J Pharmacol · 2005 · PMID 15987633 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  11. Breast carcinomas fulfill the Warburg hypothesis and provide metabolic markers of cancer prognosisCarcinogenesis · 2005 · PMID 16033770 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  12. Sodium lactate increases LPS-stimulated MMP and cytokine expression in U937 histiocytes by enhancing AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcriptional activitiesAm J Physiol Endocrinol Metab · 2005 · PMID 15941782 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  13. Enhancement of lactate metabolism in the basolateral amygdala by physical and psychological stress: role of benzodiazepine receptorsBrain Res · 2005 · PMID 16309628 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  14. Lactate induced excitotoxicity in hippocampal slice culturesExp Neurol · 2004 · PMID 14980811 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  15. Possible role of arachidonic acid in the regulation of lactate production in rat Sertoli cellsInt J Androl · 2003 · PMID 14511220 · cited in Cancer: Disorder and Energy
  16. Endotoxemia stimulates skeletal muscle Na+-K+-ATPase and raises blood lactate under aerobic conditions in humansAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol · 2003 · PMID 12446281 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer, Bleeding, clotting, cancer
  17. Peritoneal dialysis solutions inhibit the differentiation and maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells: effect of lactate and glucose-degradation productsJ Leukoc Biol · 2003 · PMID 12660223 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  18. Lactate as a modulator of hypoxia-induced hyperventilationRespir Physiol Neurobiol · 2003 · PMID 14519376 · cited in Bleeding, clotting, cancer
  19. A prospective, randomized comparison of thromboelastographic coagulation profile in patients receiving lactated Ringer's solution, 6% hetastarch in a balanced-saline vehicle, or 6% hetastarch in saline during major surgeryJ Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth · 2002 · PMID 12154422 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  20. Serial measurement of arterial lactate concentrations as a prognostic indicator in relation to the incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndromeSurg Today · 2001 · PMID 11759877 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  21. Resuscitation with lactated Ringer's solution in rats with hemorrhagic shock induces immediate apoptosisJ Trauma · 1999 · PMID 10217219 · cited in Mitochondria and mortality
  22. Hyperlactatemia reduces muscle glucose uptake and GLUT-4 mRNA while increasing (E1alpha)PDH gene expression in ratAm J Physiol · 1999 · PMID 10329987 · cited in Altitude and Mortality
  23. Selective inactivation of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase: reaction of lipoic acid with 4-hydroxy-2-nonenalBiochemistry · 1998 · PMID 9843389 · cited in Rosacea, inflammation, and aging: The inefficiency of stress
  24. The effect of lactic acid on mononuclear cell secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in response to group B streptococciJ Infect Dis · 1998 · PMID 9593038 · cited in Altitude and Mortality
  25. Glycolysis inhibition by palmitate in renal cells cultured in a two-chamber systemAm J Physiol · 1997 · PMID 9374661 · cited in Mitochondria and mortality
  26. Lactic acidosis and other mitochondrial disordersMetabolism · 1997 · PMID 9054475 · cited in Osteoporosis, harmful calcification, and nerve/muscle malfunctions
  27. Hyperlactatemia associated with hypocarbic hyperventilationActa Anaesthesiol Scand · 1996 · PMID 8904274 · cited in Altitude and Mortality
  28. Effects of lactate infusion on hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysisClin Physiol · 1995 · PMID 8590553 · cited in Altitude and Mortality
  29. Serotonin-induced decrease in brain ATP, stimulation of brain anaerobic glycolysis and elevation of plasma hemoglobin; the protective action of calmodulin antagonistsGen Pharmacol · 1994 · PMID 7875554 · cited in Serotonin, depression, and aggression: The problem of brain energy, Intelligence and metabolism
  30. The effects of lactic acid on PGE2 production by macrophages and human synovial fibroblasts: a possible explanation for problems associated with the degradation of poly(lactide) implants?Clin Mater · 1994 · PMID 10172486 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  31. Lactic acidosis as a facilitator of oxyhemoglobin dissociation during exerciseJ Appl Physiol (1985) · 1994 · PMID 8045820 · cited in Altitude and Mortality
  32. Cachectin/TNF-mediated lactate production in cultured myocytes is linked to activation of a futile substrate cycleCytokine · 1993 · PMID 8142598 · cited in Lactate vs. CO2 in wounds, sickness, and aging; the other approach to cancer
  33. Effects of infused sodium acetate, sodium lactate, and sodium beta-hydroxybutyrate on energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates in lean humansAm J Clin Nutr · 1993 · PMID 8237864 · cited in Salt, energy, metabolic rate, and longevity
  34. Inflammatory cytokines stimulate glucose uptake and glycolysis but reduce glucose oxidation in human dermal fibroblasts in vitroCirc Shock · 1992 · PMID 1511500 · cited in Cancer: Disorder and Energy
  35. Relation between glycolysis and calcium homeostasis in postischemic myocardiumCirc Res · 1992 · PMID 1576739 · cited in Heart and hormones
  36. Effects of a combination of acidosis, lactate, and lysophosphatidylcholine on action potentials and ionic currents in guinea pig ventricular myocytesJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol · 1992 · PMID 1280708 · cited in Fatigue, aging, and recuperation
  37. Ischemic contracture begins when anaerobic glycolysis stops: a 31P-NMR study of isolated rat heartsAm J Physiol · 1991 · PMID 1877673 · cited in Phosphate, activation, and aging
  38. Lactic acidosis increases tumor necrosis factor secretion and transcription in vitroJ Surg Res · 1990 · PMID 2214745 · cited in Cancer: Disorder and Energy
  39. Effect of lactate and beta-hydroxybutyrate infusions on brain metabolism in the fetal sheepJ Dev Physiol · 1990 · PMID 2100739 · cited in Mitochondria and mortality, Altitude and Mortality
  40. Respiratory failure and stimulation of glycolysis in Chinese hamster ovary cells exposed to normobaric hyperoxiaJ Biol Chem · 1990 · PMID 2358458 · cited in Fatigue, aging, and recuperation

Showing 40 of 56. Search all of them in the database →

Not affiliated with raypeat.com. This page describes Ray Peat's published articles in our own words and links to the originals. Educational content, not medical advice.

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